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Smartphone - Wikipedia. An array of various smartphones. Most smartphones can access the Internet and can run a variety of third- party software components (.
They typically have a color display with a graphical user interface that covers 7. The display is often a touchscreen, which enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type words and numbers and press onscreen icons to activate . Most of those produced from 2. G LTE, motion sensors, and mobile payment features.
In the third quarter of 2. Paraskevakos was the first to introduce the concepts of intelligence, data processing and visual display screens into telephones.
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In 1. 97. 1, while he was working with Boeing in Huntsville, Alabama, Paraskevakos demonstrated a transmitter and receiver that provided additional ways to communicate with remote equipment, however it did not yet have general purpose PDA applications in a wireless device typical of smartphones. They were installed at Peoples' Telephone Company in Leesburg, Alabama and were demonstrated to several telephone companies.
The original and historic working models are still in the possession of Paraskevakos. It included PDA features and other visionary mobile applications such as maps, stock reports and news. A refined version was marketed to consumers in 1.
Bell. South under the name Simon Personal Communicator. The Simon was the first commercially available device that could be properly referred to as a . In March 1. 99. 6, Hewlett- Packard released the Omni. Go 7. 00. LX, a modified 2. LX PDA that supported a Nokia 2. ROM- based software to support it.
It had a 6. 40x. 20. CGA compatible 4- shade gray- scale LCD screen and could be used to place and receive calls, and to create and receive text messages, emails and faxes. It was also 1. 00% DOS 5. Windows. In August 1. Nokia released the Nokia 9. Communicator, a digital cellular phone based on the Nokia 2.
PDA based on the GEOS V3. Geoworks. The two components were attached by a hinge in what became known as a clamshell design, with the display above and a physical QWERTY keyboard below. The PDA provided e- mail; calendar, address book, calculator and notebook applications; text- based Web browsing; and could send and receive faxes. When closed, the device could be used as a digital cellular phone.
In June 1. 99. 9 Qualcomm released the . Originally developed by Psion, it was the world's most widely used smartphone operating system until the last quarter of 2.
These phones ran on i- mode, which provided data transmission speeds up to 9. Limited functionality, small screens and limited bandwidth allowed for phones to use the slower data speeds available. It was also ranked first in market capitalization in Japan and second globally. This power would wane in the face of the rise of 3. G and new phones with advanced wireless network capabilities. Later, in the mid- 2.
Microsoft's Windows Mobile started to gain popularity among business users in the U. S. The Black. Berry later gained mass adoption in the U. S., and American users popularized the term .
Initially, Nokia's Symbian devices were focused on business, similar to Windows Mobile and Black. Berry devices at the time. From 2. 00. 6 onwards, Nokia started producing entertainment- focused smartphones, popularized by the Nseries. In Asia, with the exception of Japan, the trend was similar to that of Europe. Further models to use Linux such as the Motorola Ming A1. Ming line would be unveiled through 2. In late 2. 00. 9, Motorola released the Motorola Cliq.
The i. Phone was notable for its use of a large touchscreen for direct finger input as its main means of interaction, instead of a stylus, keyboard, or keypad typical for smartphones at the time. Microsoft, for instance, started a new OS from scratch, called Windows Phone. Nokia abandoned Symbian and partnered with Microsoft to use Windows Phone on its smartphones.
Windows Phone then became the third- most- popular OS. Palm's web. OS was bought by Hewlett- Packard and later sold to LG Electronics for use on LG smart TVs. Black. Berry Limited, formerly known as Research In Motion, also made a new platform based on QNX, Black. Berry 1. 0. The capacitive touchscreen also changed smartphone form factors.
Before 2. 00. 7, it was common for devices to have a physical numeric keypad or physical QWERTY keyboard in either a candybar or sliding form factor. However, by 2. 01. Quad HD is used in advanced televisions and computer monitors, but with 1. As Wi- Fi became more prevalent and easier to connect to, it was predicted that Wi- Fi phone services will start to take off. Some can store their pictures in proprietary raw image format, but the Android (operating system) 5.
Lollipop serves open source RAW images. For instance, credit cards, mobile payments, and mobile banking were integrated into smartphone applications and Software as a Service (Saa. S) platforms. Unlike most smartphones, users can remove and replace parts on this phone. Future possible developments. However, as of 2. As little as a speck of dust can ruin a screen during production.
Instead, they may pull energy from radio, television, cellular or Wi- Fi signals. It is an open source platform with optional proprietary components, including a suite of flagship software for Google services, and the application and content storefront Google Play. Development groups have used the Android source code to develop and distribute their own modified versions of the operating system, such as Cyanogen. Mod, to add features to the OS and provide newer versions of Android to devices that no longer receive official updates from their vendor. Gartner Research estimated that 3. Android smartphones were sold during the fourth quarter of 2. Samsung Electronics, who produces Android devices, was also the top smartphone vendor across all platforms in the same period of time.
The i. Phone was first unveiled in January 2. The device introduced numerous design concepts that have been adopted by modern smartphone platforms, such as the use of multi- touch gestures for navigation, eschewing physical controls such as physical keyboards in favor of those rendered by the operating system itself on its touchscreen (including the keyboard), and the use of skeumorphism.
However, the i. Phone and i. OS have generally been in second place in worldwide market share. Its original release, Windows Phone 7, was a revamped version of the previous, Windows CE- based Windows Mobile platform; however, it was incompatible with the legacy platform. The platform also featured concepts such as .
Windows Phone also integrated with other Microsoft brands and platforms, including Bing, Sky. Drive, and Xbox. Microsoft Office Mobile apps were also bundled with the operating system. Lack of interest in the platform also led to a decrease in third- party applications, and some vendors ended their support for Windows Phone altogether.
Services such as Black. Berry Messenger provide the integration of all communications into a single inbox. In September 2. 01. RIM announced that the 2. Black. Berry smartphone was shipped.
As of September 2. Black. Berry service subscribers. This user interface differentiate Jolla smartphones from others. Tizen is a project within the Linux Foundation and is governed by a Technical Steering Group (TSG) composed of Samsung and Intel among others. In April 2. 01. 4, Samsung released the Samsung Gear 2 and the Gear 2 Neo, running Tizen.
It was the world's most widely used smartphone operating system until Q4 2. U. S., as it did in Europe and Asia. The first Symbian phone, the touchscreen Ericsson R3.
Smartphone, was released in 2. With the creation of Symbian Foundation in 2. Symbian OS was unified under one variant under the stewardship of Nokia. In February 2. 01. Nokia announced that it would replace Symbian with Windows Phone as the operating system on all of its future smartphones, with the platform being abandoned over the following few years. Throughout its lifespan, the operating system was available in both touchscreen and non- touchscreen formats.
It was supplied with a suite of applications developed with the Microsoft Windows API and was designed to have features and appearance somewhat similar to desktop versions of Windows. Third parties could develop software for Windows Mobile with no restrictions imposed by Microsoft. Software applications were eventually purchasable from Windows Marketplace for Mobile during the service's brief lifespan. Windows Mobile was eventually phased out in favor of Windows Phone OS. The Bada operating system for smartphones was announced by Samsung in November 2.
It was designed to have a complete community- based alternative system for mobile devices, using open standards and HTML5 applications. The first commercially available Firefox OS phones were ZTE Open and Alcatel One Touch Fire. As of 2. 01. 4, more companies have partnered with Mozilla including Panasonic (which is making a smart TV with Firefox OS) and Sony. In May 2. 00. 2, Handspring released the Palm OS Treo 2. Springboard, with both a touchscreen and a full keyboard. The Treo had wireless web browsing, email, calendar, a contact organizer and mobile third- party applications that could be downloaded or synced with a computer. After buying Palm in 2.
Hewlett- Packard (HP) discontinued its web. OS smartphone and tablet production. After being acquired by HP, two phones (the Veer and the Pre 3) and a tablet (the Touch. Pad) running web. OS were introduced in 2.
On August 1. 8, 2. HP announced that web. OS hardware was to be discontinued. In January 2. 01. Qualcomm has announced that it has acquired technology patents from HP, which includes all the Web. OS patents. Before that, Nokia used Maemo on some of its smartphones and internet tablets (such as Nokia N8. N9. 00). Mee. Go was originally envisioned to power a variety of devices from netbooks, tablets to smartphones and smart TVs.
However, the only smartphones which used Mee. Go was the Nokia N9 and Nokia N9. Mee. Go v. 1. 2 Harmattan).